AI law firm wins case as lawyers calls for guidance

An AI-driven law firm has successfully sued a hospitality business over unpaid fees to a freelance HR consultant.

Garfield AI, which became the first AI law firm to be approved by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) last year, was instructed to draft legal letters and submit a case for Tamires Camal Taquidir.

The case was then heard in Wandsworth County Court in front of seven separate witnesses, while Taquidir was represented by a barrister who used Garfield’s documents to fight the case.

Garfield essentially works like a chatbot and can draft legal letters, file claim forms and write up defences to use in court.

Services start at just £2 for a pre-action letter and £50 for a claim form, saving thousands of pounds compared to human lawyers handling similar work.

Daniel Long, Garfield AI’s chief technical officer, said: “This trial win is an important proof point: regulated AI-powered legal services can help real people recover real money through the courts.”

Philip Young, chief executive, added: “Here, a freelancer who had done the work and not been paid was able to take her case all the way to trial, resist a counterclaim, and win.”

Young is a former London litigator who has overseen the model’s output before moving on to a sampling system that checks for accuracy and quality.

When Garfield AI was approved by the SRA, Paul Philip, the regulator’s chief executive, called it a “landmark moment” for the country as many small businesses struggle to access legal services.

The victory comes as the employment tribunal system struggles to deal with a significant increase in its caseload, however.

Both employers and the tribunal system are having to deal with a rise in AI-generated grievances as part of this caseload.

According to barrister Matthew Lee, who tracks AI “hallucinations” in legal cases (when AI generates false, misleading or fabricated information), there have been more than 20 hallucination incidents in employment tribunals alone.

Andrew Diver, an associate at law firm Fox & Partners, argues that AI-generated complaints take significantly longer to review as lawyers and tribunals must clarify facts and verify issues.

“The use of AI-generated complaints is an alarming new norm in UK employment disputes,” he said. “The use of generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, Claude and Microsoft Copilot to draft workplace complaints in particular is accelerating rapidly.”

Diver has called for HM Courts and Tribunal Service and Acas to clarify a number of issues that come into play when AI is used in this context, including:

  • What obligations are there on individuals to check their complaints are fully genuine? Should there be sanctions if someone submits a fabricated case?
  • Should an AI-written grievance be treated as the employee’s own statement?
  • Does reliance on hallucinated facts breach the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures?
  • What are the data protection implications when grievance texts are fed into third-party AI systems?

Diver believes the absence of guidance on the use of AI in workplace disputes has become a problem.

“There is an urgent need for updated Acas guidance and Presidential Guidance on the management of these issues,” he added.

“The use of AI is only going to grow, so the sooner these major issues are dealt with, the better.”

 

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